Cancer starts when cells rapidly grow out of control. Cancers specific to the head and neck can start in the sinuses, inside or behind the nose, in the mouth, tongue or gums, and in the back of the mouth or throat. There are several tumors that can appear in the head and neck, such as:
- Skin Cancer
- Tonsil Cancer
- Throat Cancer
- Thyroid Cancers
At least 75% of head and neck cancers are caused by tobacco and alcohol use. Tobacco products that can cause cancer include cigarettes, pipes, cigars and chewing tobacco. Additionally, wine, liquor or beer can increase the risk of head and neck cancer. Working with substances like wood dust, nickel, asbestos and formaldehyde can also increase the risk of these cancers.
There are several symptoms of head and neck cancer:
- White or red sores in the gums, tongue or lining of the mouth that do not heal
- Lump in the head or neck area (with or without pain)
- Unusual bleeding or pain in the mouth
- Change in voice
- Trouble breathing or speaking
- Frequent nose bleeds
- Problems with dentures
- Jaw pain or difficulty chewing, swallowing or moving the tongue
- Blocked sinuses or chronic sinus infections that don’t go away with antibiotics